Compare with version in Book of Oberon, which preserves material censored by Weyer.

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Contents

Introduction by Joseph H. Peterson.
The roots of this catalog of spirits (or demons) go deep, with many variations extant. Michael Scot (died 1236) in his Liber introductorius (long version, chap. "de notitia artis nigromancie") enumerates about twenty demons, some of which can be recognized in later texts.	1. Jean-Patrice Boudet, "Les who's who démonologiques de la Renaissance et leurs ancêtres médiévaux — Demonological who's who of the 16th century and their medieval ancestors".
Johann Weyer (1515-1588) was a pioneer in the fields of medicine and psychiatry. He was also a firm believer in magic, and was in fact a student of one of the most famous occultists of all time, H. C. Agrippa. His Praestigiis Daemonum (1563) was basically a point-by-point rebuttal of the hateful witch hunter's handbook, Malleus Maleficarum. His book includes interesting reports of Faust, Agrippa, and Trithemius from a contemporary witness. Sigmund Freud calls the Praestigiis Daemonum one of the ten most significant books of all time. Weyer continued expanding this text through each successive edition until 1583. In the fifth edition (1577), as an appendix to this monumental text, Weyer added a catalog of demons which he called Pseudomonarchia daemonum. Weyer referred to his source manuscript as Liber officiorum spirituum, seu Liber dictus Empto. Salomonis, de principibus & regibus dæmoniorum ("Book of the offices of spirits, or the book called Empto. Salomonis concerning the princes and kings of the demons") It includes variations in the names of many of the demons, showing that it had been redacted by the time Weyer obtained it, so it was evidently much older than 1577. Trithemius included this text in his catalog of necromantic books in his Antipalus (1508). Unfortunately, Weyer in his note to the reader, admits to omitting many passages from the text "in order to render the whole work unusable" — "lest anyone who is mildly curious, may dare to rashly imitate this proof of folly." For a closely-related text Livre des esperitz (The Book of Spirits), see Jean-Patrice Boudet's Les who's who démonologiques de la Renaissance et leurs ancêtres médiévaux. Boudet includes a detailed comparison of the two texts: Weyer's text seems to be missing text from the beginning, that would have had information on Lucifer, Beelzebub, Satan, and the four demons of the cardinal points. He included only 69 spirits, even though the text mentions 72 (cf. description of Belial). Moreover, the ritual at the end of the Pseudomonarchia is much shorter than Liber Consecrationum. (See Kieckhefer, Forbidden Rites, p. 8-10 and 256-276.) The text also internally has evidence of abbreviation, and in fact cites De quattuor annulis for the fuller ritual; the latter contains a "very complex ritual." (Ms. Florence BNC II III 214, fols. 26v-29v.) The English translation can be found Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft (1584), probably by prolific translator Abraham Fleming, who is identified as translator of other Latin texts throughout Scot's work. Many mistakes are apparent, and documented in my footnotes. After studying these mistakes, it is my belief that his translator must have worked from a carelessly written or partially illegible manuscript copy of Weyer's text, not any of the printed editions. It has long been recognized that the first book of the Lemegeton, Goetia, corresponds closely with Weyer's catalog of demons, or more specifically, with the English translation in Scot op. cit. The most striking difference between Scot’s text and the Goetia is the order of spirits. I see no explanation for the difference; it’s as if a stack of pages got scrambled. This actually does seem to be the case with Hockley's ms. of the Goetia (Wellcome 4665), where each spirit is described on a separate leaf, and many pages were later dislocated. The copy which Henry Dawson Lea made (Wellcome 3203) subsequently partially renumbered them, instead of trying to restore the original order. John Harries's copy (NLW ms. 11117B) seems to have followed Lea's. There are also four additional spirits in the Goetia (number 3, and the last three). Another anomaly may be of more significance: The fourth spirit in Weyer’s text, Pruflas alias Bufas, was accidently left out of the English translation found in Reginald Scot’s highly rational 1584 Discovery of Witchcraft), or was already missing from the edition of Weyer used by Scot. It is also the only spirit from Weyer’s list that is not found in the Lemegeton. If a specific edition can be found which introduced this defect, it may thus be possible to fix the date of the composition of the Goetia in its present form. Other manuscripts Other manuscripts of note include: Trin.: Cambridge, Trinity College ms. O.8.29, fols. 179r-182v. Transcription and analysis was published by Jean-Patrice Boudet. 35 demons from O.8.29 correspond to demons in Weyer's text, while 15 demons from the former are absent from Weyer. (French; 15th or 16th ce). Coxe 25: (formerly BPH 114), pp. 1-3 ("Ego sum magnus Bileth, rex maximus"); pp. 28-32; pp. 173-187. (Late 15th ce) Flor.: Another early exemplar of this text can be found in Florence/Firenze Plut. 89 Sup 38 Fasciculus rerum geomanticarum, fol. 263r. Dated January 1494. (Includes Aveche, Boab, Bille, Fameis vel Fionone, Biduch, Bonoree, Berich, Ascarot (Astarot), Forais vel Fortas, ..., Paimon/Paymon, ..., Belial, Belech, Egym, Ras, Torcha, Ara, Acar, ....) Some demon sigils also occur earlier in the manuscript, but they do not match those in the Lesser Key of Solomon / Goetia manuscripts. (Includes sigils of Belzabuh, Oriens, Amaymon, Egin, Paymon, Astarot, Ludit, Apolis, Apornot, Lucifer, Magot, Garlapo, Salpisticos, Aleus, ..., Bilet, ..., Berit, ..., Belial, ..., Amon) Vaticano, BAV Pal. lat. 1363, f. 53v. Vaticano, BAV Pal. lat. 3589, ff. 62r-63v. Folger: A longer text of the Offices of Spirits can be found in manuscript V.b.23 in the Folger Shakespeare Library, on which see our new edition published as The Book of Oberon: A Sourcebook of Elizabethan Magic There is a list of thirteen spirits in Ad. 36674, fol. 65r. Compare also Sl. 3850 77r. The first six of which correspond with those in Weyer (but simplified). The remaining seven spirits are described therein in English so it is clear that they came from a different source. The order is Ad. 36674 is: Gomory, Zagan, Sytry alias Bytru, Eligor alias Abigor, Purson alias Curson, and Vual. Note these names are all closer to Scot's than Weyers, even though the descriptions are in Latin. Another list is found in Sloane MS 3853 fol. 257r which contains ten spirits along with the four kings (Oriens, Paymon, Amaymon, and Egim). An even briefer list in Wellcome MS 110 fol. 32r includes just two spirits: Viryn (cp Pursan/Curson/Bertin) and Gorsyer (cp Gorsyar/Gorsior). There is also a list of spirits in Clm 849 which correspond closely with some of those described in Weyer, both in the names and the wording of the descriptions. They are: Corresponds with Weyer Barbarus 6. Barbatos Cason 8. Gusoyn Otius 9. Botis, alibi Otis Cvrson 11. Pursan, alias Curson Alugor 12. Eligor, alias Abigor Taob 36. Gaap, alias Tap Volach 50. Volac Gaeneron 51. Gomory Tvueries 60. Cimeries Hanni 61. Amy The list in CLM 849 § 34 continues with Svcax, who doesn't seem to have an equivalent in Weyer or Goetia: "Svcax magnus marchio est, et apparet in similitudine hominis. Vultum habet femineum. Videtur beniuolus. Multum mirabiliter dat amorem mulierum, et maxime omnium viduarum. Dat ad plenitudinem omnia genera li[n]gwarum. Facit hominem transire de regione in regionem velocissimo cursu. Habet sub se 23 legiones." (Sucax is a great marquis, and he appears in the likeness of a man, but has a woman's face. He appears to be kind. He most marvellously gives the love of women, and especially of those who are widowed. He gives all kinds of languages near fullness. He can swiftly transport a man from one country to another. He has 23 legions under him.) This description corresponds with that of Suchay in the Folger ms. See Kieckhefer, Forbidden Rites, 1998, pp. 291-293. Latin text quoted by permission. Translation is mine. This spirit however can be found in the Offices of Spirits version found in the Folger Book of Magic (Book of Oberon) under the name Suchay.

Comparison of Weyer vs. Goetia:

Comparison of Goetia* vs. Weyer:

GOETIA	WEYER	GOETIA	WEYER
1. Bael	1. Baël [Baell]	37. Phoenix	67. =
2. Agares	2. =	38. Halphas	42. =
3. Vassago		39. Malphas	31. =
4. Gamigin	46. Gamygyn	40. Raum	41. =, Raym
5. Marbas	3. =, Barbas	41. Focalor	43. =
6. Valefar	14. =, Malaphar	42. Vepar	32. =, Separ
7. Amon	5. =, Aamon	43. Sabnach	33. Sabnac, Salmac
8. Barbatos	6. =	44. Shax	36. Chax, Scox
9. Paimon	22 =	45. Vine	44. =
10. Buer	7. =	46. Bifrons	45. =
11. Gusoin	8. Gusoyn [Gusoin]	47. Vual	65. Wal [Vuall]
12. Sitri	21. Sytry / Bitru	48. Haagenti	66. =
13. Beleth	20. Byleth [Bileth]	49. Procel	37. Pucel [Prucel]
14. Leraye	13. Loray [Leraie], Oray	50. Furcas	38. =
15. Eligor	12. =, Abigor	51. Balam	62. =
16. Zepar	19. =	52. Alloces	63. Alocer [Allocer]
17. Botis	9. =, Otis	53. Caim	40. Caym
18. Bathin	10. Bathym [Bathin], Marthim [Mathim]	54. Murmur	39. =
19. Saleos	64. Zaleos [Saleos]	55. Orobas	57. =
20. Purson	11. Pursan [Purson], Curson	56. Gemory	50. Gomory
21. Morax	15. =, Foraii	57. Ose	55. Oze [Ose]
22. Ipos	16. Ipes [Ipos], Ayperos [Ayporos]	58. Amy	60. =
23. Aim	57. Aym, Haborym	59. Orias	48. =
24. Naberius	17. Naberus [Naberius], Cerberus	60. Vapula	58. =
25. Glasya Labolas	18. =, Caacrinolaas, Caassimolar	61. Zagan	47. Zagan
26. Bune	23 =	62. Valac	49. Volac [Valac]
27. Ronove	25 =	63. Andras	53. =
28. Berith	26 =	64. Flauros	61. =
29. Astaroth	27 =	65. Andrealphus	54. Androalphus [Andrealphus]
30. Forneus	24 =	66. Cimeies	59. Cimeries
31. Foras	28 = / Forcas	67. Amduscias	52. =
32. Asmoday	35. Sidonay, Asmoday	68. Belial	23. =
33. Gaap	35. =, Tap	69. Decarabia	51. =, Carabia
34. Furtur	29. Furfur	70. Seere
35. Marchosias	30. Marchocias	71. Dantalion
36. Stolas	68. =	72. Andromalius

Notes:

• "=" means that the name of the spirit in Weyer is spelled the same as in the Goetia.
• The fourth spirit in Weyer, Pruflas/Bufas is not found in the Goetia.
• The third spirit in the Goetia, Vassago, is not found in Weyer.
• The last three spirits in the Goetia, Seere, Dantalion, and Andromalius, are not found in Weyer.

[911/912] PSEUDOMONARCHIA DAEMONUM. O curas hominum, ô quantum est in rebus inane?	Johann Wier, Pseudomonarchia daemonum. Salomons notes of conjuration [Ah, human cares! Ah, how much futility in the world!]1	1. Quote in [] is from C. Lucilius, Satires of Persius. Except as noted in [], translation is from Reginald Scot, The Discoverie of Witchcraft (1584), probably by prolific translator Abraham Fleming, who is identified as translator of other Latin texts throughout Scot's work.
	<An inventarie of the names, shapes, powers, governement, and effects of divels and spirits, of their severall segniories and degrees: a strange discourse woorth the reading.>2	2. Text in <> was not part of Weyer's original text.
LECTORIS.	[TO THE READER.]3	3. Translation of this "note to the reader" by JHP.
[913] NE Sathanicæ factionis monopolium usqueadeò porrò delitescat, hanc Dæmonum Pseudomonarchiam ex Acharonticorum Vasallorum archivo subtractam, in huius Operis de Dæmonum præstigiis calce annectere volui, ut effascinatorum id genus hominum, qui se magos iactitare non erubescunt, curiositas, præstigiæ, vanitas, dolus, imposturæ, deliria, mens elusa, & manifesta mendacia, quinimò non ferendæ blasphemiæ, omnium mortalium, qui in mediæ lucis splendore hallucinari nolint, oculis clarissimè appareant, hoc potissimùm seculo scelestissimo, quo Christi regnum tam enormi impunitaque tyrannide impetitur ab ijs qui Beliali palàm sacramentum præstitêre, stipendium etiam iustum haud dubiè recepturi: quibus & perditas has horas libenter dedico, si fortè ex immensa Dei misericordia convertantur & vivant: quod ex animo ijs precor, sitque felix & faustum. Ne autem curiosulus aliquis, fascino nimis detentus, hoc stultitiæ argumentum temerè imitari audeat, voces hinc inde prætermisi studio, ut universa delinquendi occasio præcideretur. Inscribitur verò à maleferiato hoc hominum genere, Officium spirituum, vel, Liber officiorum spirituum, seu, Liber dictus Empto. Salomonis, de principibus & regibus dæmoniorum, qui cogi possunt divina virtute & humana. At mihi nuncupabitur Pseudomonarchia Dæmonum.	[Lest the monopoly of the Satanic faction remains hidden, I wanted to append to the end of this book On the Illusions of Demons this "Pseudo-monarchy of the demons," taken from the archive of the Acharontic (i.e. hellish) vassals. My intent is not to present before all people blasphemies of the bewitched kind of men who are not ashamed to call themselves magi, their curiosities, deceptions, vanity, tricks, impostures, deliriums, deceiving the mind, and obvious lies, but rather that they may be unwilling, when they can be seen in the bright light of day, to let their minds run wild (hallucinari),4 in this most infamous age, where the kingdom of Christ is so attacked by the immense and unpunished tyranny of those who openly perform the sacraments of Belial, who will no doubt soon receive their just reward. To whom I willingly and gladly dedicate these wasted hours, if perhaps through the immeasurable mercy of God, they might be turned around and live: This I beg them with all my soul, that they may be happy and fortunate. But lest anyone who is mildly curious, may dare to rashly imitate this proof of folly; I have omitted passages from this study, in order to render the whole work unusable. Truly this is entitled by an unstable5 kind of person, The Offices of the Spirits, or The Book of the Offices of the Spirits, or, the book called Solomon’s Apprentice,6 concerning the princes and kings of the demons, which may be coerced with divine and human virtues. But (now) to my so-called Pseudomonarchia Daemonum.]	4. Note play on words lucis (light) and hallucinari (to wander in mind). 5. Lat. maleferiato. Cp. Mora p. 175. 6. Regarding "Empto. Salomonis": Later in the text the compiler refers to Solomon as his master, and it is tempting to read "Empto. Salomonis" as "empticiorum salomonis" (Solomon's apprentice) or some other form of "empticius"/apprentice.
PSEUDOMONARCHIA DÆMONUM.
Primus Rex, qui est de potestate Orientis, dicitur Bael, apparens tribus capitibus, quorum unum assimilatur bufoni, alterum homini, tertium feli. Rauca loquitur voce, formator morum & insignis certator, reddit hominem invisibilem & sapientem. Huic obediunt sexagintasex legiones.	Their first <and principall> king (which is of the power of the east) is called Baëll; who when he is conjured up, appeareth with three heads; the first, like a tode; the second, like a man; the third, like a cat. He speaketh with a hoarse voice, he maketh a man go invisible [and wise], he hath under his obedience and rule sixtie and six legions of divels.	[§ 1.]
[§ 2.] Agares Dux primus sub potestate Orientis, apparet benevolus in senioris hominis forma, equitans in crocodilo, & in manu accipitrem portans. Cuncta linguarum genera docet optimè: fugitantes reverti facit, & permanentes fugere: prælaturas & dignitates dimittit, & tripudiare facit spiritus terræ: & est de ordine Virtutum, sub sua potestate habens triginta & unam legiones.	[2] The first duke under the power of the east, is named Agares, he commeth up mildile [i.e. he appears willingly] in the likenes of a faire old man, riding upon a crocodile, and carrieng a hawke on his fist; hee teacheth presentlie all maner of toongs [=tongues, i.e. languages], he fetcheth backe all such as runne awaie, and maketh them runne that stand still; he overthroweth all dignities <supernaturall and temporall,> hee maketh earthquakes, [lit. "and makes spirits of the earth dance"] [378] and is of the order of vertues, having under his regiment thirtie one legions.
[§ 3.] Marbas, alias Barbas, Præses magnus, se manifestans in fortissimi leonis specie, sed ab exorcista accitus humana induitur forma, & de occultis plenè respondet, morbos invehit & tollit, promovet sapientiam artiumque mechanicarum cognitionem, homines adhæc in aliam mutat formã. Præest trigintasex legionibus.	[3] Marbas, alias Barbas is a great president, and appeareth in the forme of a mightie lion; but at the commandement of a conjuror commeth up in the likenes of a man, and answereth fullie as touching anie thing which is hidden or secret: he bringeth diseases, and cureth them, he promoteth wisedome, and the knowledge of mechanicall arts, or handicrafts; he changeth men into other shapes, and under his presidencie or governement are thirtie six legions of divels conteined.
[§ 4.] Pruflas, alibi invenitur Busas, magnus Princeps & Dux est, cujus mansio circa turrim Babilonis, & videtur in eo flamma foris, caput autem assimilatur magno nycticoraci. Autor est & promotor discordiarum, bellorum, rixarum & mendaciorum. Omnibus in locis non intromittatur. Ad quæsita respondet abundè. Subsunt huic legiones vingintisex, partim ex ordine Throni, partim Angelorum.	[4] [Pruflas, otherwise found as Bufas, is a great prince and duke, whose abode is around the Tower of Babylon, and there he is seen like a flame outside. His head however is like that of a great night hawk. He is the author and promoter of discord, war, quarrels, and falsehood. He may not be admitted into every place. He responds generously to your requests. Under him are twenty-six legions, partly of the order of Thrones, and partly of the order of Angels.]1	1. Scot omits; tr by JHP.
[§ 5.] Amon vel Aamon Marchio magnus & potens, prodit in lupi forma caudam habens serpentinam, & flammam evomens. Hominis autem indutus speciem, caninos ostentat dentes, & caput magno [914] nycticoraci simile. Princeps omnium fortissimus est, intelligens præterita & futura, hinc & gratiam concilians omnium amicorum & inimicorum. Quadraginta imperat legionibus.	[5] Amon, or Aamon, is a great and mightie marques, and commeth abroad in the likenes of a woolfe, having a serpents taile, <spetting out and breathing> [vomiting] flames of fier; when he putteth on the shape of a man, he sheweth out dogs teeth, and a great head like to a mightie raven [*night raven];1 he is the strongest prince of all other, and understandeth of all things past and to come, he procureth favor, and reconcileth both fréends and foes, and ruleth fourtie legions of divels.	1. nycticorax is a nightraven. It is so-called because it is nocturnal, and makes a crow- or raven-like call. This is not a true raven, but a heron.
[§ 6.] Barbatos2 magnus Comes & Dux, apparet in signo Sagittarii silvestris cum quatuor regibus tubas ferentibus. Intelligit cantus avium, canum latratus, mugitus boum & cunctorum animalium: thesauros item à magis & incantatoribus reconditos, detegit: & est ex ordine Virtutum, partim Dominationum. Triginta præsidet legionibus. Novit præterita & futura: tam amicorum quàm inimicorum animos conciliat.	[6] Barbatos, a great countie or earle, and also a duke, he appeareth in Signo sagittarii sylvestris,3 with foure kings, which bring companies and great troopes.4 He understandeth the singing of birds, the barking of dogs, the lowings of bullocks, and the voice of all living creatures. He detecteth treasures hidden by magicians and inchanters, and is of the order of vertues, which in part beare rule: he knoweth all things past, and to come, and reconcileth fréends and powers; and governeth thirtie legions of divels by his authoritie.	2. CLM 849 equivalent is named Barbarus. 3. in signo sagittarii sylvestris: In the image of a woodland archer. 4. (!) Misreading turmas for Weyer's tubas? Better: which bear trumpets.
[§ 7.] Buer Præses magnus conspicitur in signo ☆. Absolutè docet philosophiam, practicam, ethica item & logica, & herbarum vires: dat optimos familiares: ægros sanitati restituere novit, maximè & homines. Quinquaginta legionum habet imperium.	[7] Buer is a great president, and is seene <in this signe> [in the form of a star (☆)]; he absolutelie teacheth philosophie morall and naturall, and also logicke, and the vertue of herbes: he giveth the best familiars, he can heale all diseases, speciallie of men, and reigneth over fiftie legions.5	5. The description matches Coxe 25 p. 181: Centu preses magnus & apparet in signo farim, docet ad plenum brachticam, physicam, ethycam, logycam, ... ("Centu is a great president, and appears in a favorable sign. He teaches business (?), medicine, ethics, logic, ..." etc.)
[§ 8.] Gusoyn Dux magnus & fortis, apparet in forma zenophali.6 Explicatè respondet & verè de præsentibus, præteritis, futuris & occultis. Amicoram & inimicorum gratiam reddit: dignitates confert & honores conformat. Præest quadragintaquinque legionibus.	[8] Gusoin [Gusoyn] is a great duke, and a strong, appearing in the forme of a Xenophilus,6 he answereth all things, present, past, and to come, expounding all questions. He reconcileth fréendship, and distributeth honours and dignities, and ruleth over fourtie [and five] legions of divels.	6. = zenocephalus (dog-headed)?
[§ 9.] Botis, alibi Otis, magnus Præses & Comes: Prodit in viperæ specie deterrima: & siquando formam induit humanam, dentes ostendit magnos & cornua duo, manu gladium acutum portans. Dat perfectè responsa vera de præsentius, præteritis, futuris & abstrusis. Tam amicos quàm hostes conciliat. Sexaginta imperat legionibus.	[9] Botis, otherwise Otis, a great president and an earle he commeth [379] foorth in the shape of an ouglie [lit. 'worst'] viper, and if he put on humane shape, he sheweth great teeth, and two hornes, carrieng a sharpe sword in his hand: he giveth answers of things present, past, and to come, and reconcileth friends, and foes, ruling sixtie legions.
[§ 10.] Bathym, alibi Marthim Dux magnus & fortis: visitur constitutione viri fortissimi cum cauda serpentina, equo pallido insidens. Virtutes herbarum & lapidum pretiosorum intelligit. [915] Cursu velocissimo hominem de regione in regionem transfert. Huic triginta subsunt legiones.	[10] Bathin [*Bathym], sometimes called Mathim [*Marthim], a great duke and a strong, he is seene in the shape of a verie strong man, with a serpents taile, sitting on a pale horsse, understanding the vertues of hearbs and pretious stones, transferring men suddenlie from countrie to countrie, and ruleth thirtie legions of divels.
[§ 11.] Pursan, aliàs Curson, magnus Rex, prodit ut homo facie leonina, viperam portans ferocissimam, ursoque insidens, quem semper præcedunt tubæ. Callet præsentia, præterita & futura: aperit occulta, thesauros detegit: corpus humanum suscipit & aëreum. Verè respondet de rebus terrenis & occultis, de divinitate & mundi creatione: familiares parit optimos: cui parent vigintiduo legiones, partim de ordine Virtutum, partim ex ordine Throni.	[11] Purson [*Pursan], alias Curson, a great king, he commeth foorth like a man with a lions face, carrieng a most cruell viper, and riding on a beare; and before him go alwaies trumpets, he knoweth <things hidden, and can tell> all things present, past, and to come: [he discloses hidden things,] he bewraieth treasure, he can take a bodie either humane or aierie; he answereth truelie of all things earthlie and secret, of the divinitie and creation of the world, and bringeth foorth the best familiars; and there obeie him two and twentie legions of divels, partlie of the order of vertues, & partlie of the order of thrones.
[§ 12.] Eligor, aliàs Abigor, Dux magnus, apparet ut miles pulcherrimus, lanceam, vexillum & sceptrum portans. Plenè de occultis respondet atque bellis, & quomodo milites occurrere debeant: futura scit, & gratiam apud omnes dominos & milites conciliat. Præsidet sexaginta legionibus.	[12] Eligor, alias Abigor, is a great duke, and appeereth as a goodlie [=handsome] knight, carrieng a lance, an ensigne, and a scepter: he answereth fullie of things hidden, and of warres, and how souldiers should meete: he knoweth things to come, and procureth the favour of lords and knights, governing sixtie legions of divels.
[§ 13.] Loray, aliàs Oray, magnus Marchio, se ostendens in forma sagittarii pulcherrimi, pharetram & arcum gestantis: author existit omnium præliorum, & vulnera putrefacit quæ à sagittariis infliguntur, quos obijcit optimos tribus diebus. Triginta dominatur legionibus.	[13] Leraie [*Loray], alias Oray,7 a great marquesse, shewing himselfe in the likenesse of a galant [=handsome] archer, carrieng a bowe and a quiver, he is author of all battels, he dooth putrifie all such wounds as are made with arrowes by archers, Quos optimos obijcit tribus diebus, [which he shoots best within three days] and he hath regiment over thirtie legions.	7. Compare Folger Barsy?
[§ 14.] Valefar, aliàs Malaphar, Dux est fortis, forma leonis prodiens & capite latronis. Familiaritatem parit suis, donec laqueo suspendantur. Decem præsidet legionibus.	[14] Valefar, alias Malephar [*Malaphar], is a strong duke, comming foorth in the shape of a lion, and the head of a theefe [or "barking"], he is verie familiar with them to whom he maketh himself acquainted, till he hath brought them to the gallowes, and ruleth ten legions.
[§ 15.] Morax, aliàs Foraij, magnus Comes & Præses: similis tauro visitur: Et si quando humanam faciem assumit, admirabilem in Astronomia & in omnibus artibus liberalibus reddit hominem: parit etiam famulos non malos & sapientes: novit & herbarum & pretiosorum lapidum potentiam. Imperat triginta sex legionibus.	[15] Morax, alias Foraij, a great earle and a president, he is seene like a bull, and if he take unto him a mans face, he maketh men wonderfull cunning in astronomie, & in all the liberall sciences: he giveth good familiars and wise, knowing the power & vertue of hearbs and stones which are pretious, and ruleth thirtie six legions.
[§ 16.] Ipes, aliàs Ayperos, est magnus Comes [916] & Princeps, apparens quidem specie angelica, interim leone obscurior & turpis, capite leonis, pedibus anserinis, cauda leporina. Præterita & futura novit: redditque hominem ingeniosum & audacem. Legiones huic obediunt trigintasex.	[380] [16] Ipos [*Ipes], alias Ayporos [*Ayperos], is a great earle and a prince, appeering in the shape of an angell, and yet indeed more obscure and filthie than a lion, with a lions head, a gooses feet, and a hares taile: he knoweth things to come and past, he maketh a man wittie, and bold, and hath under his jurisdiction thirtie six legions.
[§ 17.] Naberus, aliàs Cerberus, Marchio est fortis, forma corvi se ostentans: si quando loquitur, raucam edit vocem. Reddit & hominem amabilem & artium intelligentem, cum primis in Rhetoricis eximium. Prælaturarum & dignitatum iacturam parit. Novendecim legiones hunc audiunt.	[17] Naberius [*Naberus], alias Cerberus, is a valiant marquesse, shewing himselfe in the forme of a crowe, when he speaketh with a hoarse voice: he maketh a man amiable and cunning in all arts, and speciallie in rhetorike, he procureth the losse of prelacies and dignities: nineteene legions heare <and obeie> him.
[§ 18.] Glasya labolas, aliàs Caacrinolaas vel Caassimolar magnus Præses: qui progreditur ut canis habens alas gryphi. Artium cognitionem dat, interim dux omnium homicidarum. Præsentia & futura intelligit. Tam amicorum quàm inimicorum animos demeretur: & hominem reddit invisibilem. Imperium habet triginta sex legionum.	[18] Glasya Labolas, alias Caacrinolaas, or Caassimolar, is a great president, who commeth foorth like a dog, and hath wings like a griffen, he giveth the knowledge of arts, and is the captaine of all mansleiers: he understandeth things present and to come, he gaineth the minds and love of freends and foes, he maketh a man go invisible, and hath the rule of six and thirtie legions.
[§ 19.] Zepar Dux magnus, apparens uti miles, inflammansque virorum amore mulieres, & quando ipsi iussum fuerit, earum formam in aliam transmutat, donec dilectis suis fruantur. Steriles quoque eas facit. Vigintisex huic parent legiones.	[19] Zepar is a great duke, appearing as a souldier, inflaming women with the loove of men, and when he is bidden he changeth their shape, untill they maie enjoie their beloved, he also maketh them barren, and six and twentie legions are at his obeie and commandement.
[§ 20.] Byleth Rex magnus & terribilis, in equo pallido equitans, quem præcedunt tubæ, symphoniæ, & cuncta Musicæ genera. Quum autem coram exorcista se ostentat, turgidus ira & furore videtur, ut decipiat. Exorcista verò tum sibi prudenter caveat: atque ut fastum ei adimat, in manu suscipiat baculum corili [*coruli], cum quo orientem & meridiem versus, foris iuxta circulum manum extendet, facietque triangulum. Cæterum si manum non extendit, & intrare iubet, atque spirituum Vinculum ille renuerit, ad lectionem progrediatur exorcista: mox ingredietur item submissus, [917] ibi stando & faciendo quodcunque iusserit exorcista ipsi Byleth regi, eritque securus. Si verò contumacior fuerit, nec primo iussu circulum ingredi voluerit, reddetur fortè timidior exorcista: vel si Vinculum spirituum minus habuerit, sciet haud dubiè exorcista, malignos spiritus postea eum non verituros, at semper viliorem habituros. Item si ineptior sit locus triangulo deducendo iuxta circulum, tunc vas vino plenum ponatur: & intelliget exorcista certissimè, quum è domo sua egressus fuerit cum sociis suis, prædictum Byleth sibi fautorem fore, benevolum, & coram ipso submissum quando progredietur. Venientem verò exorcista benignè suscipiat, & de ipsius fastu glorietur: propterea quoque eundem adorabit, quemadmodum alij reges, quia nihil dicit absque aliis principibus. Item si hic Byleth accitus fuerit ab aliquo exorcista, semper tenendus ad exorcistæ faciem annulus argenteus medij digiti manus sinistræ, quemadmodum pro Amaymone. Nec est prætermittenda dominatio & potestas tanti principis, quoniam nullus est sub potestate & dominatione exorcistæ alius, qui viros & mulieres in delirio detinet, donec exorcistæ voluntatem explerint: Et fuit ex ordine Potestatum, sperans se ad septimum Thronum rediturum, quod minus credibile. Imperat octogintaquinque legionibus.	[20] Bileth [*Byleth] is a great king and a terrible, riding on a pale horsse, before whome go trumpets, and all kind of melodious musicke. When he is called up by an exorcist, he appeareth rough [=turgid] and furious, to deceive him. Then let the exorcist or conjuror take heed to himself; and to allaje his courage, let him hold a hazell bat [=rod, staff, wand, or stick] in his hand, wherewithall he must reach out toward the east and south, and make a triangle without besides the circle; but if he hold not out his hand unto him, and he bid him come in, and he still refuse the bond or chain of spirits; let the conjuror proceed to reading, and by and by he will submit himselfe, and come in, and doo whatsoever the exorcist commandeth him, and he shalbe safe. If Bileth the king be more stubborne, and refuse to enter into the circle at the first call, and the conjuror shew himselfe fearfull, or if he have not the chaine of spirits, certeinelie he will never feare nor regard him after. Also, if the place be unapt for a triangle to be made without the circle, then set there a boll of wine, and the exorcist shall certeinlie knowe when he commeth out of his house, with his fellowes, and that the foresaid Bileth will be his helper, his friend, and obedient unto him when he commeth foorth. And when he commeth, let the exorcist receive him courteouslie, and glorifie him in his pride, and therfore he shall adore him as other kings doo, bicause he saith nothing without other princes. Also, if he be cited by an exorcist, alwaies a silver ring of the middle finger of the left hand must be held against the exorcists face, as they doo for Amaimon. And the dominion and power of so great a prince is not to be pretermitted; for there is none under the power & dominion of the conjuror, but he that deteineth [=hinders] both men and women in doting [better: "crazy/insane" or "silly"] love, till the exorcist hath had his pleasure. He is of the orders of powers, hoping to returne to the seaventh throne, which is not altogether credible, and he ruleth eightie five legions.
[§ 21.] Sytry, aliàs Bitru, magnus Princeps, leopardi facie apparens, habensque alas velut gryphi. Quando autem humanam assumit formam, mirè pulcher videtur. Incendit virum mulieris amore, mulierem vicissim alterius desiderio incitat. Iussus secreta libenter detegit feminarum, eas ridens ludificansque, ut se luxuriose nudent. Huic sexaginta legiones obsequuntur.	[21] Sitri [*Sytry], alias Bitru, is a great prince, appeering with the face of a leopard, and having wings as a griffen: when he taketh humane shape, he is verie beautiful, he inflameth a man with a womans love, and also stirreth up women to love men, being commanded he willinglie deteineth [discloses] secrets of women, laughing at them and mocking them, to make them luxuriouslie naked, and there obeie him sixtie legions.
[§ 22.] Paymon obedit magis Lucifero [918] quam alij reges. Lucifer hic intelligendus, qui in profunditate scientiæ suæ demersus, Deo assimilari voluit, & ob hanc arrogantiam in exitium proiectus est. De quo dictum est: Omnis lapis pretiosus operimentum tuum [Ezech. 28]. Paymon autem cogitur virtute divina, ut se sistat coram exorcista: ubi hominis induit simulachrum, insidens dromedario, coronaque insignitus lucidissima, & vultu fœmineo. Hunc præcedit exercitus cum tubis & cimbalis bene sonantibus, atque omnibus instrumentis Musicis, primo cum ingenti clamore & rugitu apparens, sicut in Empto. Salomonis, et arte declaratur. Et si Paymon hic quandoque loquitur, ut minus ab exorcista intelligatur, propterea is non tepescat: sed ubi porrexerit illi primam chartam ut voto suo obsequatur, iubebit quoque ut distinctè & apertè respondeat ad quæsita, & de universa philosophia & prudentia vel scientia, & de cæteris arcanis. Et si voles cognoscere dispositionem mundi, & qualis sit terra, aut quid eam sustineat in aqua, aut aliquid aliud, & quid sit abyssus, & ubi est ventus & unde veniat, abundè te docebit. Accedant & consecrationes tam de libationibus quam alijs. Confert hic dignitates & confirmationes. Resistentes sibi suo vinculo deprimit, & exorcistæ subijcit. Bonos comparat famulos, & artium omnium intellectum. Notandum, quòd in advocando hunc Paymonem, Aquilonem versus exorcistam conspicere oporteat, quæ ibi huius sit hospitium. Accitum verò intrepidè constanterque suscipiat, interroget, & ab eo petat quicquid voluerit, nec dubiè impetrabit. At ne creatorem oblivioni tradat, cavendum exorcistæ, propter ea quæ præmissa fuerunt de Paymone. Sunt qui dicant, eum ex ordine Dominationum fuisse: sed alijs placet, ex ordine Cherubin. Hunc sequuntur legiones ducentæ, partim ex ordine Angelorum, partim Potestatum. [919] Notandum adhæc, si Paymon solus fuerit citatus per aliquam libationem aut sacrificium, duo reges magni comitantur, scilicet Bebal & Abalam, & alij potentes. In huius exercitu sunt vigintiquinque legiones: quia spiritus his subiecti, non semper ipsis adsunt, nisi ut appareant, divina virtute compellantur.	[22] Paimon [*Paymon] is more obedient in Lucifer than other kings are. Lucifer is heere to be understood he that was drowned in the depth of his knowledge: he would needs be like God, and for his arrogancie was throwne out into destruction, of whome it is said; Everie pretious stone is thy covering (Ezech. 88 [28.13].). Paimon is constrained by divine vertue to stand before the exorcist; where he putteth on the likenesse of a man: he sitteth on a beast called a dromedarie, which is a swift runner, and weareth a glorious crowne, and hath an effeminate countenance. There goeth before him an host of men with trumpets and well sounding cymbals, and all musicall instruments. At the first he appeereth with a great crie and roring, as in <Circulo> [*the book Empto.] Salomonis, and in the art is declared. And if this Paimon speake sometime that the conjuror understand him not, let him not therefore be dismaied. But when he hath delivered him the first obligation to observe his desire, he must bid him also answer him distinctlie and plainelie to the questions he shall aske you, of all philosophie, wisedome, and science, and of all other secret things. And if you will knowe the disposition of the world, and what the earth is, or what holdeth it up in the water, or any other thing, or what is Abyssus, or where the wind is, or from whence it commeth, he will teach you aboundantlie. Consecrations also as well of sacrifices [offerings, libations] as otherwise may be reckoned. He giveth dignities and confirmations; he bindeth them that resist him in his owne chaines, and subjecteth them to the conjuror; he prepareth good familiars, and hath the understanding of all arts. Note, that at the calling up of him, the exorcist must looke towards the northwest [better: North], bicause there is his house. When he is called up, let the exorcist receive him constantlie without feare, let him aske what questions or demands he list, and no doubt he shall obteine the same of him. And the exorcist must beware he forget not the creator, for those things, which have beene rehearsed before of Paimon, some saie he is of the order of dominations; others saie, of the order of cherubim. There follow him two hundred legions, partlie of the order of angels, and partlie of potestates. Note that if Paimon be cited alone by an offering or sacrifice, two kings followe him; to wit, Beball & Abalam, & other potentates: in his host are twentie five legions, bicause the spirits subject to them are not alwaies with them, except they be compelled to appeere by divine vertue.
[§ 23.] Regem Belial aliqui dicunt statim post Luciferum fuisse creatum, ideoque sentiunt ipsum esse patrem & seductorem eorum qui ex Ordine ceciderunt. Cecidit enim prius inter alios digniores & sapientiores, qui præcedebant Michaelem & alios cœlestes angelos, qui deerant. Quamvis autem Belial ipsos qui in terram deiecti fuerint, præcesserit: alios tamen qui in cœlo mansere, non antecessit. Cogitur hic divina virtute, cum accipit sacrificia, munera & holocausta, ut vicissim det immolantibus responsa vera: at per horam in veritate non perdurat, nisi potentia divina compellatur, ut dictum est. Angelicam assumit imagine in impensè pulchram, in igneo curru sedens. Blandè loquitur. Tribuit dignitates & prælaturas senatorias, gratiam item amicorum, & optimos famulos. Imperium habet octoginta legionum, ex ordine partim Virtutum, partim Angelorum. Forma exorcistæ invenitur in Vinculo Spirituum. Observandum exorcistæ, hunc Belial in omnibus succurrere suis subditis: si autem se submittere noluerit, Vinculum Spirituum legatur, quò sapientissimus Salomon eos cum suis legionibus in vase vitreo relegavit: & relegati cum omnibus legionibus fuere septuagintaduo reges, quorum primus erat Bileth, secundus Belial, deinde Asmoday, & circiter mille millia legionum. Illud proculdubio à magistro Salomone didicisse me fateor: sed causam relegationis me non docuit, crediderim tamen propter arrogantiam ipsius Belial. [920] Sunt quidam necromantici, qui asserunt, ipsum Salomonem quodam die astutia cuiusdam mulieris seductum, orando se inclinasse versus simulacrum Belial nomine. quod tamen fidem non meretur: sed potius sentiendum, ut dictum est, propter superbiam & arrogantiam relegatos esse in magno vase, proiectos in Babilone in puteum grandem valde. Enimverò prudentissimus Salomon divina potentia suas exequebatur operationes, quæ etiam nunquam eum destituit: propterea simulachrum non adorasse ipsum sentiendum est, alioqui divina virtute spiritus cogere nequivisset. Hic autem Belial cum tribus regibus in puteo fuit. At Babilonienses ad hæc exhorrescentes, rati se thesaurum amplum in puteo inventuros, unanimi consilio in puteum descenderunt, detegeruntque & confregere vas, unde mox egressi captivi, in proprium locum porrò sunt reiecti. Belial verò ingressus quoddam simulachrum, dabat responsa sibi immolantibus & sacrificantibus, ut testatur Tocz in dictis suis: & Babylonienses adorantes sacrificaverunt eidem.	[23] Some saie that the king Beliall was created immediatlie after Lucifer, and therefore they thinke that he was father and seducer of them which fell being of the orders. For he fell first among the worthier and wiser sort, which went before Michael and other heavenlie angels, which were lacking. Although Beliall went before all them that were throwne downe to the earth, yet he went not before them that tarried in heaven. This Beliall is constrained by divine vertue, when he taketh sacrifices, gifts, and [burnt] offerings, that he againe may give unto the offerers true answers. But he tarrieth not one houre in the truth, except he be constrained by the divine power, as is said. He taketh the forme of a beautifull angell, sitting in a firie chariot; he speaketh faire, he distributeth preferments of senatorship, and the favour of friends, and excellent familiars: he hath rule over eightie legions, partlie of the order of vertues, partlie of angels; he is found in the forme of an exorcist in the bonds of spirits. The exorcist must consider, that this Beliall doth in everie thing assist his subjects. If he will not submit himselfe, let the bond of spirits be read: the spirits chaine is sent for him, wherewith wise Salomon gathered them togither with their legions in a brasen vessell [*glass vessel],8 where were inclosed among all the legions seventie two kings, of whome the cheefe was Bileth, the second was Beliall, the third Asmoday, and above a thousand thousand legions. Without doubt (I must confesse) I learned this of my maister Salomon; but he told me not why he gathered them together, and shut them up so: but I beleeve it was for the pride of this Beliall. Certeine nigromancers doo saie, that Salomon, being on a certeine daie seduced by the craft of a certeine woman, inclined himselfe to praie before the same idoll, Beliall by name: which is not credible. And therefore we must rather thinke (as it is said) that they were gathered together in that great <brasen> vessell for pride and arrogancie, and throwne into a deepe lake or hole in Babylon. For wise Salomon did accomplish his workes by the divine power, which never forsooke him. And therefore we must thinke he worshipped not the image Beliall; for then he could not have constrained the spirits by divine vertue: for this Beliall, with three kings were in the lake. But the Babylonians woondering at the matter, supposed that they should find therein a great quantitie of treasure, and therefore with one consent went downe into the lake, and uncovered and brake the vessell, out of the which immediatlie flew the capteine divels, and were delivered to their former and proper places. But this Beliall entred into a certeine image, and there gave answer to them that offered and sacrificed unto him: as Tocz. in his sentences reporteth, and the Babylonians did worship and sacrifice thereunto.	8. Note Lat. in vase vitreo = "into a glass vessel" not "brass." Coxe 25 p. 180 similarly reads "in vase vitreo ... in magno vitro vase".
[§ 24.] Bune Dux magnus & fortis, apparet ut draco, tribus capitibus, tertium verò assimilatur homini. Muta loquitur voce: Mortuos locum mutare facit, & dæmones supra defunctorum sepulchra congregari: omnimodo hominem locupletat, redditque loquacem & sapientem: ad quæsita verè respondet. Huic legiones parent triginta.	[24] Bune is a great and a strong Duke, he appeareth as a dragon with three heads, the third whereof is like to a man; he speaketh with a divine voice, he maketh the dead to change their place, and divels to assemble upon the sepulchers of the dead: he greatlie inricheth a man, and maketh him eloquent and wise, answering trulie to all demands, and thirtie legions obeie him.
[§ 25.] Forneus magnus Marchio, similis monstro marino, reddit hominem in Rhetoricis admirabilem, optima fama & linguarum peritia ornat, tam amicis quàm inimicis gratum facit. Subsunt huic vigintinovem legiones, ex ordine partim Thronorum, partim Angelorum.	[25] Forneus is a great marquesse, like unto a monster of the sea, he maketh men woondeffull in rhetorike, he adorneth a man with a good name, and the knowledge of toongs, and maketh one beloved as well of foes as freends: there are under him nine and twentie legions, of the order partlie of thrones, and partlie of angels.
[§ 26.] Roneve Marchio & Comes, assimilatur [921] monstro. Singularem in Rhetoricis intelligentiam confert, famulos item fidos, linguarum cognitionem, amicorum & inimicorum favorem. Huic obediunt legiones novendecim.	[26] Ronove [*Roneve] a marquesse and an earle, he is resembled to a monster, he bringeth singular understanding in rhetorike, faithfull servants, knowledge of toongs, favour of freends and foes; and nineteene legions obeie him.
[§ 27.] Berith Dux magnus & terribilis: tribus nuncupatur nominibus, à quibusdam Beal, à Iudæis Berith, à necromanticis Bolfri. Prodit ut miles ruber cum vestitu rubro, & equo eiusdem coloris, coronaque ornatus. Verè de præsentibus, præteritis & futuris respondet. Virtute divina per annulum magicæ artis ad horam scilicet cogitur. Mendax etiam est. In aurum cuncta metallorum genera mutat. Dignitatibus ornat easdemque confirmat: claram subtilemque edit vocem. Viginti sex legiones huic subsunt.	[27] Berith is a great and a terrible duke, and hath three names. Of some he is called Beall; of the Jewes Berithi [Berith]; of Nigromancers Bolfry [Bolfri]: he commeth foorth as a red souldier, with red clothing, and upon a horsse of that colour, and a crowne on his head. He answereth trulie of things present, past, and to come. He is compelled at a certeine houre, through divine vertue, by a ring of art magicke. He is also a lier, he turneth all mettals into gold, he adorneth a man with dignities, and confirmeth them, he speaketh with a cleare and a subtill voice, and six and twentie legions are under him.
[§ 28.] Astaroth Dux magnus & fortis, prodiens angelica specie turpissima, insidensque in dracone infernali, & viperam portans manu dextra. Verè respondet de præteritis, præsentibus, futuris & occultis. Libenter de spirituum creatore, & eorundem lapsu loquitur, quomodo peccaverint & ceciderint. Se spontè non prolapsum esse dicit. Reddit hominem mirè eruditum in artibus liberalibus. Quadraginta legionibus imperat. Ab hoc quilibet exorcista caveat, ne propè nimis cum admittat, ob fœtorem intolerabilem quem expirat. Itaque annulum argenteum magicum in manu sua iuxta faciem teneat, quo se ab iniuria facilè tuebitur.	[28] Astaroth is a great and a strong duke, comming foorth in the shape of a fowle angell, sitting upon an infernall dragon, and carrieng on his right hand a viper: he answereth trulie to matters present, past, and to come, and also of all secrets. He talketh willinglie of the creator of spirits, and of their fall, and how they sinned and fell: he saith he fell not of his owne accord. He maketh a man woonderfull learned in the liberall sciences, he ruleth fourtie legions. Let everie exorcist take heed, that he admit him not too neere him, bicause of his stinking breath [lit. "because of the intolerable stench which he exhales"]. And therefore let the conjuror hold neere to his face a magicall [silver] ring, and that shall defend him.
[§ 29.] Forras vel forcas magnus Præses est: visitur forma viri fortissimi, & in humana specie vires herbarum & lapidum preciosorum intelligit. Plenè docet Logica, Ethica & eorundem partes. Reddit hominem invisibilem, ingeniosum, loquacem & vivacem: amissa recuperat, thesauros detegit. Dominium viginti novem legionum habet.	[29] Foras [*Forras], alias Forcas is a great president, and is seene in the forme of a strong man, and in humane shape, he understandeth the vertue of hearbs and pretious stones: he teacheth fullie logicke, ethicke, and their parts: he maketh a man invisible, wittie, eloquent, and to live long; he recovereth things lost, and discovereth [discloses] treasures, and is lord over nine and twentie legions.
[§ 30.] Furfur Comes est magnus, apparens [922] ut cervus cauda flammea. In omnibus mentitur, nisi in triangulum intro ducatur. Iussus angelicam assumit imaginem. Rauca loquitur voce: amorem inter virum & mulierem libenter conciliat: novit & concitare fulgura, coruscationes & tonitrua in ijs partibus ubi iussum fuerit. De occultis & divinis rebus bene respondet. Imperat legionibus vigintisex.	[30] Furfur is a great earle, appearing as an hart, with a firie taile, he lieth in everie thing, except he be brought up within a triangle; being bidden, he taketh angelicall forme, he speaketh with a hoarse voice, and willinglie maketh love betweene man and wife [or simply "woman"]; he raiseth thunders and lightnings, and blasts. Where he is commanded, he answereth well, both of secret and also of divine things, and hath rule and dominion over six and twentie legions.
[§ 31.] Marchocias magnus Marchio est. Se ostentat specie lupæ ferocissimæ cum alis gryphi, cauda serpentina, & ex ore nescio quid evomens. Quum hominis imaginem induit, pugnator est optimus. Ad quæsita vere respondet: fidelis in cunctis exorcistæ mandatis. Fuit ordinis Dominationum. Huic subiacent legiones triginta. Sperat se post mille ducentos annos ad septimum Thronum reversurum: sed ea spe falsus est.	[31] Marchosias [*Marchocias] is a great marquesse, he sheweth himselfe in the shape of a cruell shee woolfe, with a griphens wings, with a serpents taile, and spetting I cannot tell what out of his mouth. When he is in a mans shape, he is an excellent fighter, he answereth all questions trulie, he is faithfull in all the conjurors businesse [commands], he was of the order of dominations, under him are thirtie legions: he hopeth after 1200. yeares to returne to the seventh throne, but he is deceived in that hope.
[§ 32.] Malphas magnus Præses, conspicitur corvo similis: sed hominis idolum indutus rauca fatur voce. Domos & turres ingentes mirè extruit, & obvios citò facit artifices maximos: hostium verò ædes & turres deijcit. Famulos suppeditat non malos. Sacrificia libenter suscipit, at sacrificatores omnes fallit. Quadraginta huic parent legiones.	[32] Malphas is a great president, he is seene like a crowe [*raven], but being cloathed with humane image, speaketh with a hoarse voice, be buildeth houses and high towres wonderfullie, and quicklie bringeth artificers togither, he throweth downe also the enimies edifications, he helpeth to good familiars, he receiveth sacrifices willinglie, but he deceiveth all the sacrificers, there obeie him fourtie legions.
[§ 33.] Vepar, aliàs Separ, Dux magnus & fortis: similis syreni: ductor est aquarum & navium armis onustarum. Ut mare iussu magistri turgidum navibusque plenum appareat, efficit: contra inimicos exorcistæ per dies tres vulneribus putrescentibus vermesque producentibus homines inficit, à quibus tamen negotio absoluto sanantur omnes. Imperat legionibus vigintinovem.	[33] Vepar, alias Separ, a great duke and a strong, he is like a mermaid, he is the guide of the waters, and of ships laden with armour; he bringeth to passe (at the commandement of his master) that the sea shalbe rough and stormie, and shall appeare full of shippes; he killeth men in three daies, with putrifieng their wounds, and producing maggots into them; howbeit, they maie be all healed with diligence, he ruleth nine and twentie legions.
[§34.] Sabnac, aliàs Salmac, Marchio magnus & fortis: prodit ut miles armatus, capite leonis, in pallido equo insidens. Hominis formam transmutat mirè: turres magnas armis plenas ædificat, item castra & civitates. Triginta [923] dies ex mandato exorcistæ homini vulnera putrida & verminantia infligit. Familiares conciliat bonos: dominium exercens quinquaginta legionum.	[34] Sabnacke [*Sabnac], alias Salmac, is a great marquesse and a strong, he commeth foorth as an armed soldier with a lions head, sitting on a pale horsse, he dooth marvelouslie change mans forme and favor, he buildeth high towres full of weapons, and also castels and cities; he inflicteth men thirtie daies with wounds both rotten and full of maggots, at the exorcists commandement, he provideth good familiars, and hath dominion over fiftie legions.
[§ 35.] Sydonay, aliàs Asmoday, Rex magnus, fortis & potens: visitur tribus capitibus, quorum primum assimilatur capiti tauri, alterum hominis, tertium arietis. Cauda eius serpentina, ex ore flammam eructat, pedes anserini. Super dracone infernali sedet, in manu lanceam & vexillum portans. Præcedit alios qui sub potestate Amaymonis sunt. Cum huius officia exercet exorcista, sit fortis, cautus & in pedibus stans: si verò coopertus fuerit, ut in omnibus detegatur, efficiet: quod si non fecerit exorcista, ab Amaymone in cunctis decipietur: sed mox quum ipsum in prædicta forma conspicit, appellabit illum nomine suo, inquiens: Tu verò es Asmoday. ipse non negabit: & mox ad terram. Dat annulum virtutum: docet absolutè Geometriam, Arithmeticam, Astronomiam, Mechanicam: ad interrogata plenè & verè respondet: hominem reddit invisibilem: loca thesaurorum ostendit & custodit, si fuerit de legionibus Amaymonis. In sua potestate legiones septuaginta duas habet.	[35] Sidonay [*Sydonay], alias Asmoday, a great king, strong and mightie, he is seene with three heads, whereof the first is like a bull, the second like a man, the third like a ram, he hath a serpents taile, he belcheth flames out of his mouth, he hath feete like a goose, he sitteth on an infernall dragon, he carrieth a lance and a flag in his hand, he goeth before others, which are under the power of Amaymon. When the conjuror exerciseth this office, let him be abroad [*brave],6 let him be warie [=courageous] and standing on his feete; <if his cap be on his head> [! *if he is afraid he will be overwhelmed],7 he will cause all his dooings to be bewraied [=divulged], which if he doo not, the exorcist shalbe deceived by Amaymon in everie thing. But so soone as he seeth him in the forme aforesaid, he shall call him by his name, saieng; Thou art Asmoday; he will not denie it, and by and by he boweth downe to the ground; he giveth the ring of vertues, he absolutelie teacheth geometrie, arythmetike, astronomie, and handicrafts [=mechanics or engineering]. To all demands he answereth fullie and trulie, he maketh a man invisible, he sheweth the places where treasure lieth, and gardeth it, if it be among the legions of Amaymon, he hath under his power seventie two legions.	6, 7. Note these bizarre misreadings in Scot's edition were propagated to the Lemegeton.
[§ 36.] Gaap, aliàs Tap, Præses magnus & Princeps: in signo meridiei apparet: sed quum humanam assumit faciem,8 ductor est præcipuorum quatuor regum, tam potens ut Byleth. Extiterunt autem quidam necromantici, qui huic libamina & holocausta obtulere, & ut eundem evocarent, artem exercuere, dicentes sapientissimum Salomonem eam composuisse, quod falsum est: imò fuit Cham filius Noe, qui primus post diluvium cœpit malignos invocare spiritus, invocavit autem Byleth, & composuit artem in suo nomine, & librum, qui multis mathematicis est cognitus. Fiebant autem holocausta, libamina, [924] munera, & multa nefaria, quæ operabantur exorcistæ admistis sanctissimis Dei nominibus, quæ in eadem arte sparsim exprimuntur. Epistola verò de ijs nominibus est conscripta à Salomone, uti & scribunt Helias Hierosolymitanus & Heliseus.	[36] Gaap, alias Tap, a great president and a prince, he appeareth in a meridionall signe, and when he taketh humane shape8 he is the guide of the foure principall kings, as mightie as Bileth. There were certeine necromancers that offered sacrifices and burnt offerings unto him; and to call him up, they exercised an art, saieng that Salomon the wise made it. Which is false: for it was rather Cham, the sonne of Noah, who after the floud began first to invocate wicked spirits. He invocated Bileth, and made an art in his name, and a booke which is knowne to manie mathematicians. There were burnt offerings and sacrifices made, and gifts given, and much wickednes wrought by the exorcists, who mingled therewithall the holie names of God, the which in that art are everie where expressed. Marie [Certainly] there is an epistle of those names written by Salomon, as also write Helias Hierosolymitanus9 and Helisæus.10	8. CLM 849 fol 66r reads: "Apparet in signo medici cum suscipit figuram humanam; [est] doctor opti[m]us mulierum, et facit ardere in amorem virorum ("He appears in the form of a doctor when he takes on a human form. He is the most excellent doctor of women, and he makes them burn with love for men.") 9. Helias Hierosolymitanus: "(the prophet) Elijah of Jerusalem." 10. Heliseus: "(the prophet) Elisha."
Notandum, si aliquis exorcista habuerit artem Beleth, nec ipsum coram se sistere possit aut videre, nisi per artem, quomodo autem eundem continere oporteat, non est explicandum, quum sit nefandum, & nihil à Salomone de eius dignitate & officio didicerim, hoc tamen non silebo, ipsum reddere hominem admirabilem in philosophia & artibus omnibus liberalibus. Facit ad amorem, odium, invisibilitatem & consecrationem eorum quæ sunt de dominatione Amaymonis: & de potestate alterius exorcistæ tradit familiares, & vera perfectè responsa de præsentibus, præteritis & futuris. Velocissimo transcursu in varias regiones traducit hominem. Sexagintasex præest legionibus, & fuit de Potestatum ordine.	It is to be noted, that if anie exorcist [+wishes to] have the art of Bileth, and cannot make him stand before him, nor see him, I may not bewraie how and declare the meanes to conteine him, bicause it is abhomination, and for that I have learned nothing from Salomon of his dignitie and office. But yet I will not hide this; to wit, that he maketh a man woonderfull in philosophie and all the liberall sciences: he maketh love, hatred, insensibilitie, invisibilitie, consecration, and consecration of those things that are belonging unto the domination of Amaymon, and delivereth familiars out of the possession of other conjurors, answering truly and perfectly of things present, past, & to come, & transferreth men most speedilie into other nations, he ruleth sixtie six legions, & was of the order of potestats.
[§ 37.] Chax, aliàs Scox, Dux est & Marchio magnus: similis ciconiæ rauca voce & subtili. Mirabiliter aufert visum, auditum & intellectum iussu exorcistæ: aufert pecuniam ex qualibet domo regia, & reportat post mille ducentos annos, si iussus fuerit: abripit & equos. Fidelis esse in omnibus mandatis putatur: ac licet se obsequuturum exorcistæ promittat, non tamen in omnibus facit. Mendax est, nisi in triangulum introducatur: introductus autem loquitur de rebus divinis & reconditis thesauris, qui à malignis spiritibus non custodiuntur. Promittit insuper se collaturum optimos famulos, qui accepti sunt, si non fuerint deceptores. Huic subiacent legiones triginta.	[37] Shax [*Chax], alias Scox, is a darke and a great marquesse, like unto a storke, with a hoarse and subtill voice: he dooth marvellouslie take awaie the sight, hearing and understanding of anie man, at the commandement of the conjuror: he taketh awaie monie out of everie kings house, and carrieth it backe after 1200. yeares, if he be commanded, he is a horssestealer, he is thought to be faithfull in all commandements: and although he promise to be obedient to the conjuror in all things; yet is he not so, he is a lier, except he be brought into a triangle, and there he speaketh divinelie, and telleth of things which are hidden, and not kept of wicked spirits, he promiseth good familiars, which are accepted if they be not deceivers, he hath thirtie legions.
[§ 38.] Pucel Dux magnus & fortis: apparet in specie angelica, sed obscura valde: [925] loquitur de occultis: docet Geometriam & omnes artes liberales: sonitus facit ingentes, & sonare aquas ubi non sunt, easdem & calefacit, & harum balnea recuperandæ sanitati servientia certis temporibus, distemperat iussu exorcistæ. Fuit de ordine Potestatum, habetque in sua potestate legiones quadragintaocto.	[38] Procell [*Pucel] is a great and a strong duke, appearing in the shape of an angell, but speaketh verie darklie of things hidden, he teacheth geometrie and all the liberall arts, he maketh great noises, and causeth the waters to rore, where are none, he warmeth waters, and distempereth bathes at certeine times, as the exorcist appointeth him, he was of the order of potestats, and hath fourtie eight legions under his power.
[§ 39.]11 Furcas miles est: prodit similitudine sævi hominis cum longa barba & capillitio cano. In equo pallido insidet, portans in manu telum acutum. Docet perfectè practicam, philosophiam, rhetoricam, logicam, chiromantiam, astronomiam, piromantiam, & earum partes. Huic parent viginti legiones.	[39] Furcas is a knight and commeth foorth in the similitude of a cruell man, with a long beard and a hoarie head, he sitteth on a pale horsse, carrieng in his hand a sharpe weapon [*dart or spear], he perfectlie teacheth practike philosophie, rhetorike, logike, astronomie, chiromancie, pyromancie, and their parts: there obeie him twentie legions.	11. The 1660 Opera Omnia edition numbers the spirits, but mistakenly repeats § 38 here, and subsequent numbers are off by one.
[§ 40.] Murmur magnus Dux & Comes: apparet militis forma, equitans in vulture, & ducali corona comptus. Hunc præcedunt duo ministri tubis magnis: philosophiam absolutè docet. Cogit animas coram exorcista apparere, ut interrogatæ respondeant ad ipsius quæsita. Fuit de ordine partim Thronorum, partim Angelorum.	[40] Murmur is a great duke and an earle, appearing in the shape of a souldier, riding on a griphen [*vulture], with a dukes crowne on his head; there go before him two of his ministers, with great trumpets, he teacheth philosophie absolutelie, he constraineth soules to come before the exorcist, to answer what he shall aske them, he was of the order partlie of thrones, and partlie of angels, <and ruleth thirtie legions.>
[§ 41.] Caym magnus Præses, formam assumens merulæ: at quum hominem induit, respondet in favilla ardente, ferens in manu gladium acutissimum. Præ cæteris sapienter argumentari facit: tribuit intellectum omnium volatilium, mugitus boum, latratus canum, & sonitus aquarum: de futuris optimè respondet. Fuit ex ordine Angelorum. Præsidet legionibus triginta.	[41] Caim [*Caym] is a great president, taking the forme of a thrush [*blackbird], but when he putteth on man's shape, he answereth in burning ashes, carrieng in his hand a most sharpe swoord, he maketh the best disputers, he giveth men the understanding of all birds, of the lowing of bullocks, and barking of dogs, and also of the sound and noise of waters, he answereth best of things to come, he was of the order of angels, and ruleth thirtie legions <of divels>.
[§ 42.] Raum vel Raym Comes est magnus: ut corvus visitur: Sed quum assumit humanam faciem, si ab exorcista iussus fuerit, mirè ex regis domo vel alia suffuratur, & ad locum sibi designatum transfert. Civitates destruit: dignitatum despectum ingerit. Novit præsentia, præterita & futura. Favorem tam hostium quàm amicorum conciliat. Fuit ex ordine Thronorum. Præest legionibus triginta.	[42] Raum, or Raim [*Raym] is a great earle, he is seene as a crowe [*raven],12 but when he putteth on humane shape, at the commandement of the exorcist, he stealeth woonderfullie out of the kings house, and carrieth it whether he is assigned, he destroieth cities, and hath great despite unto dignities, he knoweth things present, past, and to come, and reconcileth freends and foes, he was of the order of thrones, and governeth thirtie legions.	12. Latin corvus is a raven, not a crow (cornix).
[926] [§ 43.] Halphas Comes magnus, prodit similis ciconiæ rauca voce. Insigniter ædificat oppida ampla armis plena: bellum movet, & iussus, homines bellicosos ad designatum locum mittit obviam. Subsunt huic viginti sex legiones.	[43] Halphas is a great earle, and commeth abroad like a storke, with a hoarse voice, he notablie buildeth up townes full of munition and weapons, he sendeth men of warre to places appointed, and hath under him six and twentie legions.
[§ 44.] Focalor Dux magnus, prodit velut homo, habens alas gryphi forma. Accepta humana figura, interficit homines & in aquis submergit. Imperat mari & vento, navesque bellicas subvertit. Notandum omni exorcistæ, si huic mandetur, ne homines lædat, libenter obsequitur. Sperat se post mille annos reversurum ad septimum Thronum, sed fallitur. Triginta legionibus imperat.	[44] Focalor is a great duke comming foorth as a man, with wings like a griphen, he killeth men, and drowneth them in the waters, and overturneth ships of warre, commanding and ruling both winds and seas. And let the conjuror note, that if he bid him hurt no man, he willinglie consenteth thereto: he hopeth after 1000. yeares to returne to the seventh throne, but he is deceived, he hath three [*thirty] legions.
[§ 45.] Vine magnus Rex & Comes: se ostentat ut leo in equo nigro insidens, portansque viperam in manu. Amplas turres libenter ædificat: lapideas domus extruit, rivos reddit turgidos: ad exorcistæ mandatum respondet de occultis, maleficis, præsentibus, præteritis & futuris.	[45] Vine is a great king and an earle, he showeth himselfe as a lion, riding on a blacke horsse, and carrieth a viper in his hand, he gladlie buildeth large towres, he throweth downe stone walles, and maketh waters rough. At the commandement of the exorcist he answereth of things hidden, of witches, and of things present, past, and to come.
[§ 46.] Bifrons, monstri similitudine conspicitur. Ubi humanam assumit imaginem, reddit hominem in Astrologia mirabilem, planetarum mansiones absolutè docens, idem præstat in Geometria, & mensuris alijs. Vires herbarum, lapidum pretiosorum & lignorum intelligit. Corpora mortuorum de loco ad locum transmutat: candelas super defunctorum sepulchra inflammare videtur. Huic subiacent vinginti sex legiones.	[46] Bifrons is seene in the similitude of a monster, when he taketh the image of a man, he maketh one woonderfull cunning in astrologie, absolutelie declaring the mansions of the planets, he dooth the like in geometrie, and other admesurements, he perfectlie understandeth the strength and vertue of hearbs, pretious stones, and woods, he changeth dead bodies from place to place, he seemeth to light candles upon the sepulchres of the dead, and hath under him six and twentie legions.
[§ 47.] Gamygyn magnus Marchio: in forma equi parvi visitur: at ubi hominis simulachrum assumit, raucam edit vocem, de omnibus artibus liberalibus differens: efficit quoque, ut coram exorcista conveniant animæ in mari exeuntes, & quæ degunt in purgatorio (quod dicitur Cartagra, id est, afflictio animarum) & corpora aërea suscipiunt, apparentque evidenter, & ad interrogata [927] respondent. Permanet apud exorcistam, donec ipsius votum expleverit. Triginta legiones in sua habet potestate.	[47] Gamigin [*Gamygyn] is a great marquesse, and is seene in the forme of a little horsse, when he taketh humane shape he speaketh with a hoarse voice, disputing of all liberall sciences; he bringeth also to passe, that the soules, which are drowned in the sea, or which dwell in purgatorie (which is called Cartagra, that is, affliction of soules) shall take aierie bodies, and evidentlie appeare and answer to interrogatories at the conjurors commandement; he tarrieth with the exorcist, untill he have accomplished his desire, and hath thirtie legions under him.
[§ 48.] Zagan13 magnus Rex & Præses: ut taurus prodit cum alis ad modum gryphi: sed assumpta hominis forma, reddit hominem ingeniosum: transmutat cuncta metallorum genera in monetas illius ditionis, & aquam in vinum, & ediversò: sanguinem quoque in oleum, & contrà: & stultum in sapientem. Præest triginta tribus legionibus.	[48] Zagan is a great king and a president, he commeth abroad like a bull, with griphens wings, but when he taketh humane shape, he maketh men wittie, he turneth all mettals into the coine of that dominion, and turneth water into wine, and wine into water, he also turneth bloud into <wine> [*oil], & <wine> [*oil] into bloud, & a foole into a wise man, he is head of thirtie and three legions.	13. The 1583 edition reads "Zagã" here, but "Zagan" on p. 930. The 1660 Opera Omnia edition misreads Zagam here, but "Zagan" on p. 663.
[§ 49.] Orias Marchio magnus, visitur ut leo, in equo fortissimo equitans, cauda serpentina: in dextera portat duos grandes serpentes etiam exibilantes. Callet planetarum mansiones, & vires sidereas perfectè docet. Transmutat homines: confert dignitates, prælaturas & confirmationes: item amicorum & hostium favorem. Præsidet legionibus triginta.	[49] Orias is a great marquesse, and is seene as a lion riding on a strong horsse, with a serpents taile, and carrieth in his right hand two great serpents hissing, he knoweth the mansion of planets and perfectlie teacheth the vertues of the starres, he transformeth men, he giveth dignities, prelacies, and confirmations, and also the favour of freends and foes, and hath under him thirtie legions.
[§ 50.] Volac magnus Præses: progreditur uti puer alis angeli, super dracone equitans duobus capitibus. De occultis thesauris perfectè respondet, & ubi serpentes videantur, quos & viribus dedestitutos tradit in exorcistæ manus. Dominium habet legionum triginta.	[50] Valac [*Volac] is a great president, and commeth abroad with angels wings like a boie, riding on a twoheaded dragon, he perfectlie answereth of treasure hidden, and where serpents may be seene, which he delivereth into the conjurors hands, void of anie force or strength, and hath dominion over thirtie legions of divels.
[§ 51.] Gomory Dux fortis & potens: apparet ut mulier pulcherrima: ac ducali cingitur corona, in camelo equitans. Bene & verè respondet de præteritis, præsentibus, futuris, & occultis thesauris ubi lateant. Conciliat amorem mulierum, & maximè puellarum. Imperat legionibus vigintisex.	[51] Gomory a strong and a mightie duke, he appeareth like a faire woman, with a duchesse crownet about hir midle, riding on a camell, he answereth well and truelie of things present, past, and to come, and of treasure hid, and where it lieth: he procureth the love of women, especiallie of maids, and hath six and twentie legions.
[§ 52.] Decarabia vel Carabia, magnus Rex & Comes: venit similis ☆. Vires herbarum & lapidum pretiosorum novit: efficit ut aves coram exorcista volent, & velut familiares ac domesticæ morentur, bibant & cantillent suo more. Parent huic triginta legiones.	[52] Decarabia or Carabia, [+a great king and earl,]14 he commeth like a ☆ and knoweth the force of herbes and pretious stones, and maketh all birds flie before the exorcist, and to tarrie with him, as though they were tame, and that they shall drinke and sing, as their maner is, and hath thirtie legions.	14. Omitted by Scot, but so the Latin.
[§ 53.] Amduscias Dux magnus & fortis: [928] procedit ut unicornu: in humana similiter forma, quando coram magistro suo se sistit: & si præcipiatur, efficit facilè ut tubæ & symphoniæ omniaque musicorum instrumentorum genera audiantur, nec tamen conspectui appareant: ut item arbores ad exorcistæ genu se inclinent. Optimus est una cum famulis. Imperium habet vigintinovem legionum.	[53] Amduscias a great and a strong duke, he commeth foorth as an unicorne, when he standeth before his maister in humane shape, being commanded, he easilie bringeth to passe, that trumpets and all musicall instruments may be heard and not seene, and also that trees shall bend and incline, according to the conjurors will, he is excellent among familiars, and hath nine and twentie legions.
[§ 54.] Andras magnus Marchio: visitur forma angelica, capite nycticoraci nigro simili, in lupo nigro & fortissimo equitans, baiulansque manu gladium acutissimum. Novit interficere dominum, servum & coadiutores: author est discordiarum. Dominatur legionibus triginta.	[54] Andras is a great marquesse, and is seene in an angels shape with a head like a blacke night raven, riding upon a blacke and a verie strong woolfe, flourishing with a sharpe sword in his hand, he can kill the maister, the servant, and all assistants, he is author of discords, and ruleth thirtie legions.
[§ 55.] Androalphus Marchio magnus, apparens ut pavo: graves edit sonitus: & in humana forma docet perfectè geometriam & mensuram spectantia: reddit hominem in argumentando argutum, & in astronomia prudentem, eundemque in avis speciem transmutat. Triginta huic subsunt legiones.	[55] Andrealphus [*Androalphus] is a great marquesse, appearing as a pecocke, he raiseth great noises, and in humane shape perfectlie teacheth geometrie, and all things belonging to admeasurements, he maketh a man to be a subtill disputer, and cunning in astronomie, and transformeth a man into the likenes of a bird, and there are under him thirtie legions.
[§ 56.] Oze Præses magnus: procedit similis leopardo: sed hominem mentitus, reddit prudentem in artibus liberalibus: verè respondet de divinis & occultis: transmutat hominis formam: & ad eam insaniam eum redigit, ut sibi persuadeat esse quod non est, quemadmodum se esse regem vel papam, & coronam in capite gestare: duratque id regnum horam.	[56] Ose [*Oze] is a great president, and commeth foorth like a leopard, and counterfeting to be a man, he maketh one cunning in the liberall sciences, he answereth truelie of divine and secret things, he transformeth a mans shape, and bringeth a man to that madnes [or, "drives insanity away"], that he thinketh himselfe to be that which he is not; as that he is a king or a pope, or that he weareth a crowne on his head, Durátque id regnum ad horam15	15. and that power endures for an hour.
[§ 57.] Aym vel Haborym Dux magnus & fortis: progreditur tribus capitibus, primo serpenti simili, altero homini duos ☆ habenti, tertio felino. In vipera equitat, ingentem facem ardentem portans, cuius flamma succenditur castrum vel civitas. Omnibus modis ingeniosum reddit hominem: de abstrusis rebus verè respondet. Imperat legionibus vigintisex.	[57] Aym or Haborim [*Haborym] is a great duke and a strong, he commeth foorth with three heads, the first like a serpent, the second like a man having two ☆ the third like a cat, he rideth on a viper, carrieng in his hand a light fier brand, with the flame whereof castels and cities are fiered, he maketh one wittie everie kind of waie, he answereth truelie of privie matters, and reigneth over twentie six legions.
[929] [§ 58.] Orobas magnus Princeps: procedit equo conformis: hominis autem indutus idolum, de virtute divina loquitur: vera dat responsa de præteritis, præsentibus, futuris, de divinitate & creatione: neminem decipit, nec tentari sinit: confert prælaturas & dignitates, amicorum item & hostium favorem. Præsidet legionibus viginti.	[58] Orobas is a great prince, he commeth foorth like a horsse, but when he putteth on him a mans idol [=image], he talketh of divine vertue, he giveth true answers of things present, past, and to come, and of the divinitie, and of the creation, he deceiveth none, nor suffereth anie to be tempted, he giveth dignities and prelacies, and the favour of freends and foes, and hath rule over twentie legions.
[§ 59.] Vapula Dux magnus & fortis: conspicitur ut leo alis ad modum gryphi. Reddit hominem subtilem & mirabilem in artibus mechanicis, philosophia, & scientijs quæ in libris continentur. Præfectus est trigintasex legionum.	[59] Vapula is a great duke and a strong, he is seene like a lion with griphens wings, he maketh a man subtill and wonderfull in handicrafts [=mechanics or engineering], philosophie, and in sciences conteined in bookes, and is ruler over thirtie six legions.
[§ 60.] Cimeries magnus Marchio & fortis: imperans in partibus Africanis: docet perfectè Grammaticam, Logicam & Rhetoricam. Thesauros detegit, & occulta aperit. Facit ut homo cursu celerrimo videatur transmutari in militem. Equitat in equo nigro & grandi. Legionibus viginti præest.	[60] Cimeries is a great marquesse and a strong, ruling in the parts of Aphrica [=Africa]; he teacheth perfectlie grammar, logicke, and rhetorike, he discovereth treasures and things hidden, he bringeth to passe, that a man shall seeme with expedition to be turned into a soldier, he rideth upon a great blacke horsse, and ruleth twentie legions.
[§ 61.] Amy Præses magnus: apparet in flamma ignea: sed humana assumpta forma, reddit hominem admirabilem in astrologia & omnibus artibus liberalibus. Famulos suppetit optimos: thesauros à spiritibus custoditos ostendit. Præfecturam habet legionem triginta sex, ex ordine partim angelorum, partim potestatum. Sperat se post mille ducentos annos ad Thronum septimum reversurum, quod credibile non est.	[61] Amy is a great president, and appeareth in a flame of fier, but having taken mans shape, he maketh one marvelous in astrologie, and in all the liberall sciences, he procureth excellent familiars, he bewraieth treasures preserved by spirits, he hath the governement of thirtie six legions, he is partlie of the order of angels, partlie of potestats, he hopeth after a thousand two hundreth yeares to returne to the seventh throne: which is not credible.
[§ 62.] Flauros dux fortis: conspicitur forma leopardi & terribili. In humana specie vultum ostentat horrendum, & oculos flammeos. De præteritis, præsentibus & futuris plenè & verè respondet. Si fuerit in triangulo, mentitut in cunctis, & fallit in alijs negocijs. Libenter loquitur de divinitate, mundi creatione & lapsu. Divina virtute cogitur, & omnes alij dæmones sive spiritus, ut omnes adversarios exorcistæ succendant & destruant. Et si virtute numinis [930] ipsi imperatum fuerit, exorcistæ tentationem non permittit. Legiones viginti sub sua habet potestate.	[62] Flauros a strong duke, is seene in the forme of a terrible strong leopard, in humane shape, he sheweth a terrible countenance, and fierie eies, he answereth trulie and fullie of things present, past, and to come; if he be in a triangle, he lieth in all things and deceiveth in other things, and beguileth in other busines, he gladlie talketh of the divinitie, and of the creation of the world, and of the fall; he is constrained by divine vertue, and so are all divels or spirits, to burne and destroie all the conjurors adversaries. And if he be commanded, he suffereth the conjuror not to be tempted, and he hath twentie legions under him.
[§ 63.] Balã16 Rex magnus & terribilis: prodit tribus capitibus, primo tauri, altero hominis, tertio arietis: cauda adhæc serpentina, oculis flammeis, equitans in urso fortissimo, & accipitrem in manu portans. Raucam edit vocem: perfectè respondet de præteritis, præsentibus & futuris: reddit hominem & invisibilem & prudentem. Quadraginta legionibus præsidet, & fuit ex ordine dominat[ionum].	[63] Balam is a great and a terrible king, he commeth foorth with three heads, the first of a bull, the second of a man, the third of a ram, he hath a serpents taile, and flaming eies, riding upon a furious [very powerful] beare, and carrieng a hawke on his fist, he speaketh with a hoarse voice, answering perfectlie of things present, past, and to come, hee maketh a man invisible and wise, hee governeth fourtie legions, and was of the order of dominations.	16. The 1660 p. 662 Opera Omnia edition reads "Balam."
[§ 64.] Alocer Dux magnus & fortis: procedit ut miles in equo vasto insidens: facies eius leonina, rubicunda valde cum oculis flammeis: graviter loquitur: hominem reddit admirabilem in astronomia & in omnibus artibus liberalibus: confert bonam familiam; Dominatur triginta sex legionibus.	[64] Allocer [*Alocer] is a strong duke and a great, he commeth foorth like a soldier, riding on a great horsse, he hath a lions face, verie red, and with flaming eies, he speaketh with a big voice, he maketh a man woonderfull in astronomie, and in all the liberall sciences, he bringeth good familiars, and ruleth thirtie six legions.
[§ 65.] Zaleos magnus Comes: apparet ut miles pulcherrimus in crocodilo equitans, & ducali ornatus corona, pacificus, &c.	[65] Saleos [*Zaleos] is a great earle, he appeareth as a gallant [=handsome] soldier, riding on a crocodile, and weareth a dukes crowne, peaceable, &c.
[§ 66.] Vual17 Dux magnus & fortis: conspicitur ut dromedarius magnus ac terribilis: at in humana forma linguam sonat Ægyptiacam graviter. Hic præ cæteris amorem maximè mulierum conciliat: inde novit præsentia, præterita & futura: confert & gratiam amicorum atque inimicorum. De ordine fuit potestatum. Triginta septem legiones gubernat.	[66] Vuall [*Vual] is a great duke and a strong, he is seene as a great and terrible dromedarie, but in humane forme, he soundeth out in a base [deep] voice the Ægyptian toong. This man above all other procureth the especiall love of women, and knoweth things present, past, and to come, procuring the love of freends and foes, he was of the order of potestats, and governeth thirtie seven legions.	17. The 1660 Opera Omnia edition p. 663 reads "Wal."
[§ 67.] Haagenti magnus Præses: ut taurus videtur, habens alas gryphi: sed assumpta facie humana, reddit hominem ingeniosum in quibuslibet: cuncta metalla in aurum transmutat, aquam in vinum, & ediversò. Tot legionibus imperat, quot Zagan.	[67] Haagenti is a great president, appearing like a great bull, having the wings of a griphen, but when he taketh humane shape, he maketh a man wise in everie thing, he changeth all mettals into gold, and changeth wine and water the one into the other, and commandeth as manie legions as Zagan.
[§ 68.] Phœnix magnus Marchio: apparet uti avis phœnix puerili voce: sed antequam se sistit coram exorcista, cantus emittit dulcissimos: tunc autem cavendum [931] exorcistæ cum suis sociis, ne suavitati cantus aures accommodent, sed ille mox huic iubeat humanam assumere speciem, tunc mirè loquetur de cunctis scientijs admirandis. Poeta est optimus & obediens. Sperat se post mille ducentos annos ad septimum thronum rediturum. Viginti præest legionibus.	[68] Phœnix [Phoenix] is a great marquesse, appearing like the bird Phœnix, having a childs voice: but before he standeth still before the conjuror, he singeth manie sweet notes. Then the exorcist with his companions must beware he give no eare to the melodie, but must by and by bid him put on humane shape; then will he speake marvellouslie of all woonderfull sciences. He is an excellent poet, and obedient, he hopeth to returne to the seventh throne after a thousand two hundreth yeares, and governeth twentie legions.
[§ 69.] Stolas magnus Princeps: prodit forma nycticoracis: coram exorcista hominis simulachrum suscipit, docetque absolutè astronomiam. Herbarum & lapidum pretiosorum vires intelligit. Viginti sex legiones huic subiacent.	[69] Stolas is a great prince, appearing in the forme of a nightraven, before the exorcist, he taketh the image and shape of a man, and teacheth astronomie, absolutelie understanding the vertues of herbes and pretious stones; there are under him twentie six legions.
Legio 6666.	¶ Note that a legion is 6 6 6 6, and now by multiplication count how manie legions doo arise out of everie particular.
	This was the work of one T. R. written in faire letters of red & blacke upõ parchment, and made by him, Ann. 1570. to the maintenance of his living, the edifieng of the poore, and the glorie of gods holie name: as he himselfe saith.
Secretum secretorum tu operans sis secretus horum.	The secret of secrets; Thou that workst them, be secret in them.
	CHAPTER III.
Observa horas in quibus quatuor reges, scilicet Amoymon rex Orientalis, Gorson rex Meridionalis, Zymymar rex Septentrionalis, Goap rex & princeps Occidentalis possunt constringi, à tertia hora usque ad meridiem, à nona hora usque ad vesperas.	The houres wherin principall divels may be bound, to wit, raised and restrained from dooing of hurt. AMAYMON [*Amoymon] king of the east, Gorson king of the south, Zimimar king of the north, Goap king and prince of the west, may be bound from the third houre, till noone, and from the ninth houre till evening.	Better: "Observe the times in which the four kings can be compelled, namely Amoymon (the King of the East), Gorson (the king of the South), Zymymar (the king of the North), and Goap (the king and prince of the West): from Terce until noon, from None until Vespers." I haven't found Gorson, Zymymar/Zimimar, or Goap as cardinal kings in sources earlier than Weyer. The kings are most commonly listed as Oriens [in SSM: Orienens] (E), Paymon (W), Amaymon (S), & Egin (N) (e.g. Coxe 25, Folger). -JHP
Item Marchiones à nona usque ad completorium, vel à completorio usque ad finem diei.	Marquesses may be bound from the ninth houre till compline, and from compline till the end of the daie.
Item Duces à prima usque ad meridiem: & observatur cœlum clarum.	Dukes may be hound from the first houre till noone; and cleare wether is to be observed.
Item Prælati in aliqua hora diei.	Prelates may be bound in anie houre of the daie.
Item Milites ab aurora usque ad ortum solis, vel à vesperis usque ad finem solis.	Knights from daie dawning, till sunne rising; or from evensong, till the sunne set.
Item Præses in aliqua hora diei non potest constringi, nisi rex cui paret, invocaretur, & nec in crepusculo noctis.	A President may not be bound in anie houre of the daie, except the king, whome he obeieth, be invocated; nor in the shutting of the evening.
Item Comites omni hora diei, dum sunt in locis campestribus vel sylvestribus, quò homines non solent accedere, &c.	Counties or erles [=Counts or Earls] may be bound at anie houre of the daie, so it be in the woods or feelds, where men resort not.
Citatio Prædictorum spirituum.	CHAPTER IV. The forme of adjuring or citing of the spirits aforesaid to arise and appeare.
Ubi quem volueris spiritum, huius nomen & officium suprà cognosces: inprimis autem ab omni pollutione, minimum tres vel quatuor dies mundus esto in prima citatione, sic & spiritus [932] postea obsequentiores erunt: fac & circulum, & voca spiritum cum multa intentione: primùm verò annulum in manu contineto: inde hanc recitato benedictionem tuo nomine & socij, si præsto fuerit, & effectum tui instituti sortieris, nec detrimentum à spiritibus senties:*	WHEN you will have anie spirit,you must know his name and office; you must also fast, and be cleane from all pollusion, three or foure daies before; so will the spirit be the more obedient unto you. Then make a circle, and call up the spirit with great intention, and holding a ring in your hand, rehearse in your owne name, and your companions (for one must alwaies be with you) this praier following, and so no spirit shall annoie you, and your purpose shall take effect. <(And note how this agreeth with popish charmes and conjurations.)>	Quàm religiosus hic diabolus. * imo tuæ animæ perditionem.
In nomine Domini nostri Iesu Christi ✠ patris & ✠ filii & ✠ spiritus sancti: sancta trinitas & inseparabilis unitas te invoco, ut sis mihi salus & defensio & protectio corporis & animæ meæ, & omnium rerum mearum. Per virtutem sanctæ crucis ✠ & per virtutem passionis tuæ deprecor te domine Iesu Christe, per merita beatissimæ Mariæ virginis & matris tuæ atque omnium sanctorum tuorum, ut mihi concedas gratiam & potestatem divinam super omnes malignos spiritus, ut quoscunque nominibus invocavero, statim ex omni parte conveniant, & voluntatem meam perfectè adimpleant, quòd mihi nihil nocentes, neque timorem inferentes, sed potius obedientes & ministrantes, tua districtè virtute præcipiente, mandata mea perficiant, Amen. Sanctus sanctus sanctus dominus Deus Sabaoth, qui venturus es iudicare vivos & mortuos: tu qui es alpha & ω, primus & novissimus, Rex regum & dominus dominantium Ioth Aglanabrath El abiel anathi Enathiel Amazin sedomel gayes tolima Elias ischiros athanatos ymas heli Messias, per hæc tua sancta nomina & per omnia alia invoco te & obsecro te domine Iesu Christe, per tuam nativitatem, per baptismum tuum, per passionem & crucem tuam, per ascensionem tuam, per adventum spiritussancti paracliti, per amaritudinem animæ tuæ; quando exivit de corpore tuo, per quinque vulnera tua, per sanguinem & aquam, quæ exierant de corpore tuo, per virtutem tuam, per sacramentum quod dedisti discipulis tuis pridie [933] quàm passus fuisti: per sanctam trinitatem, per individuam vnitatem, per beatam Mariam matrem tuam, per angelos & archangelos, per prophetas & patriarchas, & per omnes sanctos tuos, & per omnia sacramenta quæ fiunt in honore tuo: adoro te & obsecro te, benedico tibi & rogo, ut acceptes orationes has & coniurationes & verba oris mei, quibus uti voluero. Peto Domine Iesu Christe, da mihi virtutem & potestatem tuam super omnes angelos tuos, qui de cœlo eiecti sunt ad decipiendum genus humanum, ad attrahendum eos, ad constringendum, ad ligandum eos pariter & solvendum: & ad congregandum eos coram me, & ad præcipiendum eis ut omnia, quæ possunt, faciant, & verba mea vocemque meam nullo modo contemnant: sed mihi & dictis meis obediant, & me timeant, per humanitatem & misericordiam & gratiam tuam deprecor & peto te adonay amay hortan uegedora mytay hel suranat ysion ysyesy & per omnia nomina tua sancta, per omnes sanctos & sanctas tuas, per angelos & archangelos, potestates, dominationes & virtutes, & per illud nomen per quod Salomon contringebat dæmones, & conclusit ipsos Elhroch eban her agle goth ioth othie uenoch nabrat, & per omnia sacra nomina quæ scripta sunt in hoc libro, & per virtutem eorundem, quatenus me potentem facias congregare & constringere omnes tuos spiritus de cœlo depulsos, ut mihi veraciter de omnibus meis interrogatis, de quibus quæram, responsionem veracem tribuant, & omnibus meis mandatis illi satisfaciant sine læsione corporis & animæ meæ & omnium ad me pertinentium, per Dominum nostrum Iesum Christum filium [934] tuum, qui tecum vivit & regnat in unitate spiritussancti Deus per omnia secula.	In the name of our Lord Jesus Christ the ✠ father ✠ and the sonne ✠ and the Hollie-ghost ✠ holie trinitie and unseparable unitie, I call upon thee, that thou maiest be my salvation and defense, and the protection of my bodie and soule, and of all my goods through the vertue of thy holie crosse, and through the vertue of thy passion, I beseech thee O Lord Jesus Christ, by the merits of thy blessed mother S. Marie, and of all thy saints, that thou give me grace and divine power over all the wicked spirits, so as which of them soever I doo call by name, they may come by and by from everie coast, and accomplish my will, that they neither be hurtfull or fearefull unto me, but rather obedient and diligent about me. And through thy vertue streightlie commanding them, let them fulfill my commandements, Amen. Holie, holie, Lord God of sabboth, which wilt come to judge the quicke and the dead, thou which art A and Omega, first and last, King of kings and Lord of lords, Ioth, Aglanabrath, El, Abiel, <Anathiel> [anathi Enathiel], Amazim, Sedomel, Gayes, [Tolima, Elias, Ischiros, Athanatos, Ymas] Heli, Messias, <Tolimi, Elias, Ischiros, Athanatos, Imas>. By these thy holie names, and by all other I doo call upon thee, and beseech thee O Lord Jesus Christ, by thy nativitie and baptisme, by thy crosse and passion, by thine ascension, and by the comming of the Holie-ghost, by the bitternesse of thy soule when it departed from thy bodie, by thy five wounds, by the bloud and water which went out of thy bodie, by thy vertue, by the sacrament which thou gavest thy disciples the daie before thou sufferedst, by the holie trinitie, and by the inseparable unitie, by blessed Marie thy mother, by thine angels, archangels, prophets, patriarchs, and by all thy saints, and by all the sacraments which are made in thine honour, I doo worship and beseech thee, I blesse and desire thee, to accept these prayers, conjurations, and words of my mouth, which I will use. I require thee O Lord Jesus Christ, that thou give me thy vertue & power over all thine angels (which were throwne downe from heaven to deceive mankind) to drawe them to me, to tie and bind them, & also to loose them, to gather them togither before me, & to command them to doo all that they can, and that by no meanes they contemne my voice, or the words of my mouth; but that they obeie me and my saiengs, and feare me. I beseech thee by thine humanitie, mercie and grace, and I require thee Adonay, Amay, Horta, Vege dora, Mitai, Hel, Suranat, Ysion, Ysesy, and by all thy holie names, and by all thine holie he saints and she saints, by all thine angels and archangels, powers, dominations, and vertues, and by that name that Salomon did bind the divels, and shut them up, Elhrach, Ebanher, Agle, Goth, Ioth, Othie, Venoch, Nabrat, and by all thine holie names which are written in this booke, and by the vertue of them all, that thou enable me to congregate all thy spirits throwne downe from heaven, that they may give me a true answer of all my demands, and that they satisfie all my requests, without the hurt of my bodie or soule, or any thing else that is mine, through our Lord Jesus Christ thy sonne, which liveth and reigneth with thee in the unitie of the Holie-ghost, one God world without end.	Blasphemiae merae, & detestandus nominum diuinum diuinorum abusus. Insignis meritorum Christi contemptus.
O pater omnipotens, ô fili sapiens, ô spiritus sancte corda hominum illustrans, ô vos tres in personis, una vera deitas in substantia: qui Adam & Evæ in peccatis eorum pepercistis, & propter eorum peccata mortem subijsti tu fili turpissimam, in lignoque sanctæ crucis sustinuisti: ô misericordissime, quando ad tuam confugio misericordiam, & supplico modis omnibus quibus possum, per hæc nomina sancta tui filij, scilicet alpha & ω, & per omnia alia sua nomina, quatenus concedas mihi virtutem & potestatem tuam, ut valeam tuos spiritus qui de cœlo eiecti sunt, ante me citare, & ut ipsi mecum loquantur, & mandata mea perficiant statim & sine mora, cum eorum voluntate, sine omni læsione corporis, animæ & bonorum meorum, &c. Continua ut in libro * Annuli Salomonis continetur.	Oh father omnipotent, oh wise sonne, oh Holie-ghost, the searcher of harts, oh you three in persons, one true godhead in substance, which didst spare Adam and Eve in their sins; and oh thou sonne, which diedst for their sinnes a most filthie [disgraceful] death, susteining it upon the holie crosse; oh thou most mercifull, when I flie unto thy mercie, and beseech thee by all the means I can, by these the holie names of thy sonne; to wit, A and Omega, and all other his names, grant me thy vertue and power, that I may be able to cite before me, thy spirits which were throwne downe from heaven, & that they may speake with me, & dispatch by & by without delaie, & with a good will, & without the hurt of my bodie, soule, or goods, &c: as is conteined in the booke called Annulus Salomonis.18	18. For Annuli Salomonis, see BN 7349, 15th century, no. 8. De quattuor annulis or de quatuor annulis sapientissimi Salomonis: Sl. 3847, fols. 66v-81.
O summa & æterna virtus Altissimi, qui te disponente his iudicio vocatis * uaycheon stimulamaton ezphares tetragrammaton olyoram irion esytion existion eryona onela brasym noym messias sother emanuel sabaoth adonay, te adoro, te invoco, totius mentis viribus meis imploro, quatenus per te præsentes orationes & consecrationes & coniurationes consecrentur videlicet, & ubicunque maligni spiritus in virtute tuorum nominum sunt vocati, & omni parte conveniant, & voluntatem mei exorcisatoris diligenter adimpleant, fiat fiat fiat, Amen.	Oh great and eternall vertue of the highest, which through disposition, these being called to judgement, Vaicheon, Stimulamaton, Esphares, Tetragrammaton, Olioram, Cryon [*irion], Esytion, Existion, Eriona, Onela, Brasim, Noym, Messias, Soter, Emanuel, Sabboth [*Sabaoth], Adonay, I worship thee, I invocate thee, I imploie [*implore] thee with all the strength of my mind, that by thee, my present praiers, consecrations, and conjurations be hallowed: and whersoever wicked spirits are called, in the vertue of thy names, they may come togither from everie coast, and diligentlie fulfill the will of me the exorcist. Fiat, fiat, fiat, Amen.	Compare Almadel Firenze, Bibliotheca Medicea Laurenziana, ms. Plut. 89 sup. 38 (=F2), fol. 276r. Ed. Véronè 2012 p. 115.
Hæc blasphema & execranda huius mundi fæx & sentina pœnam in magos prophanos bene constitutam, pro scelerato mentis ausu iure meretur.	[This kind of blasphemy and swearing constitutes the worst kind of refuse and dregs of the earth, and punishment of these profane magi is well deserved.]
FINIS